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Archives for April 2016

The 4 Worst Investment Tips You’ll Ever Hear

By Frugaling 3 Comments

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Worst Investment Advice
Photo: Unsplash

I’d been following the stock market for years by the time I could finally invest on my own. It used to cost $50 a trade with a major broker, and the fees were cost prohibitive. I waited and waited for fees to decline. Instead of trading, I researched stocks and followed prices.

When companies like E*Trade and Ameritrade were born, they slashed trading fees to a manageable $10 to $15. Suddenly, investing became a tool for a greater population. I was a teenager when I made my first trades.

Actually buying and selling — pulling the trigger on a stock — took little of my time. Most of it was spent reviewing reports and books. I read like mad from economics and investing books.

For last 15 years, I’ve heard some comically bad advice. It’s flown in the face of everything I’ve read. Sometimes it’s senseless; at other times, dangerous. If you hear this “advice,” run.

1. Buy low and sell high

I’ve heard this unhelpful tidbit more times than I can count. Usually, it’s repeated by people who understand what the stock market is: a place to buy and sell. But they hardly understand the how.

To actually “buy low and sell high” is far more complicated. The cliché presumes you can spot a low point or “bottom,” have money ready to invest, and “call” the bottom by buying in. Unfortunately, this advice can also encourage people to look for “high” points or a market top or a bubble.

Few people — statistically speaking — can accurately call bottoms and tops. Even the most trained professionals fail over and over again. CNBC anchors, analysts, and commentators regularly preach markets as being oversold and/or overvalued, but rarely are their comments checked — veracity analyzed.

While the guidance is right, I call this bad advice because it doesn’t make you a better investor. Despite the intention, this statement doesn’t help you find lows and highs.

2. Penny stocks lead to significant returns

Amidst this culture of capitalism, get rich quick schemes are everywhere. The stock market, with it’s daily returns and losses, is something of a casino for the world. With one big trade, you could be rich; at least, that’s what might be sold to you with “penny stocks.”

Penny stocks are less than $1.00 and often traded on the OTCBB — an off-market, poorly regulated exchange for little-known companies. Online scammers and tricksters tell potential investors about their regular returns and successes.

Can you believe they made a 1000% gain in a week? They became a millionaire overnight!

They’ll tell you to invest in companies — with little capital needed — and get ready to profit big time. Unfortunately, there’s no reliable way to get rich quick. Penny stocks are a surefire way to lose money. Never listen to those who are swept up in the potential percentage gains of a company’s 50-cent shares.

3. Buy the upgrade, sell the downgrade

Stock analysts might be my least favorite market players. Their salaries and decisions are closely tied to major investment banks, which can lead to a bias in their decision making. Allow me to catalogue some of my concerns.

Firstly, their decisions immediately affect stock prices — regardless of the veracity of the claims.

Secondly, many analyst ratings are a buy — all the time. Regardless of market changes, being on the sell side isn’t rewarded within investment banking companies and predicting a negative downturn is inherently risky when the market tends to go up.

Thirdly, they frequently make positional shifts without lowering prices. For example, let’s say Netflix is 95.90 per share today. A stock analyst might downgrade their position to sell, but keep a $105 price target. So, as an average investor are you supposed to hold onto that position or sell it?!

For most investors, these recommendations don’t make much sense. And trading off of them is an acknowledgement of a “rational” market. But the markets are anything but rational. Emotions constantly affect market capitalizations, and these analyst ratings fail to capture passion.

4. The entire market is going to collapse

Every day, week, month, and year there’s another threat to market returns. Maybe there’s a terrorist attack, climate change, mortgages bubbles, credit card debt crashes, unexpected bankruptcies, etc. All of these events can cause market disturbances, and even more, market mavens peddling “end of days” hypotheses.

In 2009, a powerful documentary came out called Collapse. The film interviewed a charismatic man named Michael Ruppert. He speaks emphatically about the concept of peak oil and how he alone predicted the market crash of 2008.

That’s right, Ruppert, of all men, predicted it all! And when the movie was published, most of the American public was convinced oil would forever escalate. It sat around $70 to $80, and would soon go to $100 per barrel. Ruppert was considered a genius.

His prediction was that the economy would collapse and we’d have to change our why of life — drastically.

But it never came. Instead, oil markets plummeted over the last seven years since the documentary, and Ruppert… well, he died by suicide in 2014.

Investors and abstainers frequently entertain these end of days ideas because it justifies wild investments in commodities or a wholesale avoidance of the stock market. Both decisions put portfolios in peril. Best to keep a moderate perspective and diversify your portfolio.

Filed Under: Make Money Tagged With: Advice, analysts, Collapse, diversification, Investments, money, Stock Market, stocks

Stop Calling It “Personal Finance”

By Frugaling 9 Comments

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Personal finance change

No one thought the poor more undeserving than the poor themselves.
–Matthew Desmond, Evicted: Poverty and Profit in the American City

Frugaling is fast approaching its third anniversary. Three years of articles, debates, conversations, comments, and millions of visitors. It’s been a humbling journey, but I’ve struggled with a concept at the center of my writing: “personal finance.”

The term grew in popularity in the early 1900s. It was primarily deployed and embraced by the middle classes of America. To scrimp and save was seen as virtuous. You could take nicer vacations, save for retirement, or give more to charity by budgeting better. Undoubtedly, all good things.

“Personal finance” has allowed many to live a fuller life, but also placed much of the burden and responsibility on individuals. Unfortunately, little has changed in nearly 100 years of regular use. Amidst record breaking income and wealth inequality, we seem frozen in time — continuing the use of this term without reservation or thought.

We must ask ourselves some questions about financial education and planning: Are people able to scrimp and save like years prior? Does personal finance capture the economic hardship many face? Is this the best advice we can offer after 100+ years of collective financial experience?

The answer is no, no, and no.

When I break from the 100-year-old script of personal finance and call out the tragedy of income and wealth disparities, people tend to invoke the personal responsibility argument. In response, I receive comments and emails from devout readers who balk at my hesitation to call out financial errs and place more emphasis on society. They tend to ask, What’s the point of saving and making more money if people aren’t personally responsible? They suggest that finances are personal and failure is on the individual.

Over time, I’ve grown increasingly more resistant to the term. For the oppressed, try as they might, their budgets do not add up. They must seek social assistance or face dire consequences (i.e., hunger, eviction, and homelessness).

Whether we know it, prefer it, or like it, personal finance alludes to personal responsibility for errors and successes.

Fail? It’s your fault.

Succeed? It’s your smarts.

Can’t we do better than these oversimplified, overused assumptions? Fortunately, we have an opportunity to approach finance in a new way. It starts with a reinvention of terms. As inequality has worsened, the term has become antiquated and inaccurate. We need to shift to something more appropriate, which captures the diversity of responsibility.

Today I propose we seek a new term and call it: “social finance.” Whereas personal finance places the burden solely on the individual, social finance highlights the environmental, societal, and governmental consequences to an individual.

With social finance, we understand that budgeting will be more difficult for African American men than White guys like me. Why? Because I was afforded great privilege. For instance, one-third of African American men will go to prison in their lifetime. Word to the wise: it’s not because black men are more predisposed to crime than white men.

With social finance, we understand that making money will be more difficult for women than White guys like me. Why? Because I continually earn more than women; not because I work harder, but because society pays women 64% of what I make as a man.

With social finance, we understand that intellectual and physical disabilities affect earning potential — not temporarily-abled White guys like me. Why? Because persons with disabilities are prejudicially fired, refused work opportunities, and the first to lose their jobs to automation and outsourcing.

Personal finance fits well within Western culture. We value hard work, ethic, and personal responsibility above all else. The idea of social finance will be challenging for many, but I believe we can do it. What do you think?

Filed Under: Social Justice Tagged With: Capital, Capitalism, Eviction, Finances, Income, inequality, Personal Finance, Social Finances, Social Responsibility, socialism, Wealth

The Wolf Of Wall Street Is In Me

By Frugaling 4 Comments

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rkoi2

I dissociate somewhere between Donnie smoking crack in the back of a restaurant and Jordan stacking bills on bills in a safe deposit box. This is probably the fourth time I’ve seen The Wolf of Wall Street with Leonardo DiCaprio, so I pretty much know the entire film. I laugh on cue, but mostly drift into some sort of revulsion to the moneymakers’ debauchery.

Jordan, played by DiCaprio, chucks a wad of cash off the side of his yacht, and I fantasize about what would life be like if I were filthy rich. Something stirs inside me. I want that level of wealth and I don’t know why.

My life is comically dissimilar from Jordan’s. I’m nearing the end of graduate school, thinking about jobs, and constantly checking my bank account. The latter stands stronger than ever due to saving and scrimping, but it’s a measly sum. I’ll have a small amount of student loan debt to pay off, too. When I graduate, I’ll expect to earn $50-70,000 with my Ph.D. in hand.

Privilege allowed me to choose my career path. Early in my college years, I replaced business with psychology. The switch forever changed my earning potential. I just hoped psychology would allow me to help others in need — the money didn’t matter much.

Now, as The Wolf plays before my eyes, I struggle with two mindsets.

There’s the Jordan side of me. I want to travel. Iowa is killing me slowly with its lack of diversity and landlocked status. I want to be able to live in lavish places and decorate as I see fit. My minimalism borders on austere. I want to be able to buy, buy, buy. Every time I do, I feel this pang of guilt — I need to save that dollar. And I sure as hell don’t ever want to be in debt again.

Then there’s the modest, frugal person who writes these words. Iowa has been the perfect place to save, bike, and enjoy graduate school. I don’t care to have much. I don’t need to own, own, own. I don’t want my primary title to be “consumer.” I like being able to save, live, and give to others.

Maybe I’m dreaming of wealth because reality isn’t always easy. I’m moving out of an apartment complex I can no longer afford, paying off a hefty sum for a car, and living on a tight budget each week. Scrimp and save is often more challenging than earn and invest.

If I had the opportunity to make more money, I wonder how much I’d want. Would a million dollars in savings/investments suffice? Would tens of millions? Would a billion?

The mind seems capable of more. Always more. The mode is more. More than enough. More than the other person. More than you.

As the movie finishes and Jordan begins to unravel and lose it all, the director’s message is clear: money doesn’t buy happiness. You can still be a miserable millionaire. But the urge remains. How can the mind be so illogical and rational at the same time?

Filed Under: Make Money Tagged With: Billionaire, investing, Jordan Belfort, Millionaire, money, rich, saving, Stock Market, Wall Street, Wealthy, wolf of wall street

Sometimes I Forget We’re At War

By Frugaling 8 Comments

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Act Up on Berlin Wall - Cold War

We are spending all of this money for death and destruction, and not nearly enough money for life and constructive development…when the guns of war become a national obsession, social needs inevitably suffer.
– Martin Luther King

I leaned over to my girlfriend, and conspiratorially – by heart – recited the Pledge of Allegiance: “One Nation, under God, indivisible….” Even as I said the words, I was surprised by my own fluency. How could I remember this pledge? The answer was simple: I was a product of the American education system. Thus, I spent every morning of class – Kindergarten through 12th grade – up, at attention, and announcing allegiance to my country of birth, as if it was sensitive to my voice. Without my verbal confirmation of unwavering support, the class and country would look down upon me – not just because I’d be sitting down.

Amidst my puberty, horrible awkwardness with the opposite sex, and raging hormones displaced on parents, America fought wars. I vividly remember biology class in 6th grade, when the loudspeaker croaked alive – class would be cancelled. Then, teachers sobbed and kids went home. My parents hurried as fast as they could – to hug me and check to see if I was alright. Of course I was – this was Pittsburgh, mah! But we couldn’t stop watching the news for weeks. Over and over again, the World Trade Center towers fell.

I had stood atop those towers a year prior. My 12-year-old mind couldn’t compute how some of the tallest buildings in the world became shorter than our house – the great had fallen. I was more concerned and interested with rollerblading, biking, and playing videogames.

Our leader delivered rousing messages of revenge. They would pay. To us nincompoops, “they” was this exceedingly abstract term. Who were “they?” Could you be “they?” Could we be “they?” Then “they” became “terrorists.” The terrorists who would pay.

We were told the terrorists couldn’t accept our way of life. The terrorists couldn’t understand our freedoms. The terrorists couldn’t accept our Westernized culture where women could work, roam, and divorce as they please.

Across the Muslim-majority world, America aggressed. Afghanistan, Iraq, the Horn of Africa, Libya, and other sovereign nations felt the boot of U.S. military. We killed, slaughtered, massacred, bombed, shot, and burned. Thousands of service members and “enemy combatants” died. An unknown number of civilians also perished.

When I was 17, I almost enlisted in the U.S. Army. I wanted to be a 17X (“Seventeen x-ray”). This new position short-tracked enlisted folks into a Special Forces career. I idolized their bravery, willpower, and strength. But I backed down after considering what else I could do with my life – at least for the next few years. Nonetheless, I admired every other friend and neighbor that committed to this hard choice.

All these words – written in past tense – belie the reality of my childhood, adolescence, and early adulthood. Sometimes I forget we’re still at war even today. Fifteen years and counting, the War on Terror remains unresolved and unsolved. We cannot completely write these tragedies in history books and say we’ve moved onto a new chapter. We cannot say this will be last combat troop found blown up by an improvised explosive device or dictator that suffers our wrath. We’re not finished yet.

In 2015, the War on Terror was estimated to cost at least $1.7 trillion. No, writing that word – “trillion” – doesn’t do it justice. Let me write out every zero behind it.

$1,700,000,000,000.

The first three zeros are for a great day’s work. The second three zeros give you a lawyers’ salary. The third three zeros will buy you a fleet of Airbus aircraft. The next three zeros give you a greater gross domestic product than countries. And the next digit – the number for trillion – buys you a country or two or three.

This level of wealth could’ve bought us a lot of influence in the world, rebuilt our crumbling infrastructure, provided greater humanitarian relief for refugees, and more. But we didn’t think twice within this representative democracy to vote in representatives who would vote in favor of war repeatedly. Those votes were easy in comparison to providing safe bridges, smooth roads, clean water, affordable education, universal healthcare, and/or subsidizing clean energy. The initiatives that would’ve directly impacted our lives for the better – those were the partisan battles of my adolescence. And even if we enacted all those plans, we would still have money leftover to feed the impoverished, house the homeless, and have a roaring economy.

We chose war.

This choice cost us every year as taxpayers, too. About 18-20% of the federal budget goes towards “National Defense” spending. For every dollar, we burn 20% with the goal of keeping us safe. If I snatched away one-fifth of every paycheck from you, wouldn’t you do something about it? Would you let me siphon off your hard-earned dollars?

But I don’t hate all taxes. In fact, I love them! They pay for libraries, fire and police departments, National Guard troops, family members’ disability payments, and Medicare. They provide for those in need; albeit, they could do better. They provide grants and funding for disadvantaged populations to go to college; albeit, they could do better. They provide unemployment support if we lose our jobs suddenly; albeit, they could do better.

We’ve spent 15 years punishing the Muslim-majority countries without resolution. If bloodshed is not enough, are we not sick of war’s economic costs for those at home and abroad? Are we not tired of losing one-fifth of our work? Are we not tired of our worldwide reputation of war before diplomacy?

Years passed where I dreamt of serving my leaders. I wanted to take care of soldiers in combat as a psychologist. I used to take great pride in our flag, to stand with allegiance, and be a good citizen. I loved when I unwrapped my U.S. passport for the first time to flip through the pages of history and read our proud declarations of freedom. But I’ve been changed by a war more than half my life.

Filed Under: Social Justice Tagged With: America, Budget, federal, spending, tax, taxes, Terror, Terrorism, US, War

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