Frugaling

Save more, live well, give generously

The 4 Worst Investment Tips You’ll Ever Hear

By 3 Comments

Share This:

Worst Investment Advice
Photo: Unsplash

I’d been following the stock market for years by the time I could finally invest on my own. It used to cost $50 a trade with a major broker, and the fees were cost prohibitive. I waited and waited for fees to decline. Instead of trading, I researched stocks and followed prices.

When companies like E*Trade and Ameritrade were born, they slashed trading fees to a manageable $10 to $15. Suddenly, investing became a tool for a greater population. I was a teenager when I made my first trades.

Actually buying and selling — pulling the trigger on a stock — took little of my time. Most of it was spent reviewing reports and books. I read like mad from economics and investing books.

For last 15 years, I’ve heard some comically bad advice. It’s flown in the face of everything I’ve read. Sometimes it’s senseless; at other times, dangerous. If you hear this “advice,” run.

1. Buy low and sell high

I’ve heard this unhelpful tidbit more times than I can count. Usually, it’s repeated by people who understand what the stock market is: a place to buy and sell. But they hardly understand the how.

To actually “buy low and sell high” is far more complicated. The cliché presumes you can spot a low point or “bottom,” have money ready to invest, and “call” the bottom by buying in. Unfortunately, this advice can also encourage people to look for “high” points or a market top or a bubble.

Few people — statistically speaking — can accurately call bottoms and tops. Even the most trained professionals fail over and over again. CNBC anchors, analysts, and commentators regularly preach markets as being oversold and/or overvalued, but rarely are their comments checked — veracity analyzed.

While the guidance is right, I call this bad advice because it doesn’t make you a better investor. Despite the intention, this statement doesn’t help you find lows and highs.

2. Penny stocks lead to significant returns

Amidst this culture of capitalism, get rich quick schemes are everywhere. The stock market, with it’s daily returns and losses, is something of a casino for the world. With one big trade, you could be rich; at least, that’s what might be sold to you with “penny stocks.”

Penny stocks are less than $1.00 and often traded on the OTCBB — an off-market, poorly regulated exchange for little-known companies. Online scammers and tricksters tell potential investors about their regular returns and successes.

Can you believe they made a 1000% gain in a week? They became a millionaire overnight!

They’ll tell you to invest in companies — with little capital needed — and get ready to profit big time. Unfortunately, there’s no reliable way to get rich quick. Penny stocks are a surefire way to lose money. Never listen to those who are swept up in the potential percentage gains of a company’s 50-cent shares.

3. Buy the upgrade, sell the downgrade

Stock analysts might be my least favorite market players. Their salaries and decisions are closely tied to major investment banks, which can lead to a bias in their decision making. Allow me to catalogue some of my concerns.

Firstly, their decisions immediately affect stock prices — regardless of the veracity of the claims.

Secondly, many analyst ratings are a buy — all the time. Regardless of market changes, being on the sell side isn’t rewarded within investment banking companies and predicting a negative downturn is inherently risky when the market tends to go up.

Thirdly, they frequently make positional shifts without lowering prices. For example, let’s say Netflix is 95.90 per share today. A stock analyst might downgrade their position to sell, but keep a $105 price target. So, as an average investor are you supposed to hold onto that position or sell it?!

For most investors, these recommendations don’t make much sense. And trading off of them is an acknowledgement of a “rational” market. But the markets are anything but rational. Emotions constantly affect market capitalizations, and these analyst ratings fail to capture passion.

4. The entire market is going to collapse

Every day, week, month, and year there’s another threat to market returns. Maybe there’s a terrorist attack, climate change, mortgages bubbles, credit card debt crashes, unexpected bankruptcies, etc. All of these events can cause market disturbances, and even more, market mavens peddling “end of days” hypotheses.

In 2009, a powerful documentary came out called Collapse. The film interviewed a charismatic man named Michael Ruppert. He speaks emphatically about the concept of peak oil and how he alone predicted the market crash of 2008.

That’s right, Ruppert, of all men, predicted it all! And when the movie was published, most of the American public was convinced oil would forever escalate. It sat around $70 to $80, and would soon go to $100 per barrel. Ruppert was considered a genius.

His prediction was that the economy would collapse and we’d have to change our why of life — drastically.

But it never came. Instead, oil markets plummeted over the last seven years since the documentary, and Ruppert… well, he died by suicide in 2014.

Investors and abstainers frequently entertain these end of days ideas because it justifies wild investments in commodities or a wholesale avoidance of the stock market. Both decisions put portfolios in peril. Best to keep a moderate perspective and diversify your portfolio.

The Wolf Of Wall Street Is In Me

By 4 Comments

Share This:

rkoi2

I dissociate somewhere between Donnie smoking crack in the back of a restaurant and Jordan stacking bills on bills in a safe deposit box. This is probably the fourth time I’ve seen The Wolf of Wall Street with Leonardo DiCaprio, so I pretty much know the entire film. I laugh on cue, but mostly drift into some sort of revulsion to the moneymakers’ debauchery.

Jordan, played by DiCaprio, chucks a wad of cash off the side of his yacht, and I fantasize about what would life be like if I were filthy rich. Something stirs inside me. I want that level of wealth and I don’t know why.

My life is comically dissimilar from Jordan’s. I’m nearing the end of graduate school, thinking about jobs, and constantly checking my bank account. The latter stands stronger than ever due to saving and scrimping, but it’s a measly sum. I’ll have a small amount of student loan debt to pay off, too. When I graduate, I’ll expect to earn $50-70,000 with my Ph.D. in hand.

Privilege allowed me to choose my career path. Early in my college years, I replaced business with psychology. The switch forever changed my earning potential. I just hoped psychology would allow me to help others in need — the money didn’t matter much.

Now, as The Wolf plays before my eyes, I struggle with two mindsets.

There’s the Jordan side of me. I want to travel. Iowa is killing me slowly with its lack of diversity and landlocked status. I want to be able to live in lavish places and decorate as I see fit. My minimalism borders on austere. I want to be able to buy, buy, buy. Every time I do, I feel this pang of guilt — I need to save that dollar. And I sure as hell don’t ever want to be in debt again.

Then there’s the modest, frugal person who writes these words. Iowa has been the perfect place to save, bike, and enjoy graduate school. I don’t care to have much. I don’t need to own, own, own. I don’t want my primary title to be “consumer.” I like being able to save, live, and give to others.

Maybe I’m dreaming of wealth because reality isn’t always easy. I’m moving out of an apartment complex I can no longer afford, paying off a hefty sum for a car, and living on a tight budget each week. Scrimp and save is often more challenging than earn and invest.

If I had the opportunity to make more money, I wonder how much I’d want. Would a million dollars in savings/investments suffice? Would tens of millions? Would a billion?

The mind seems capable of more. Always more. The mode is more. More than enough. More than the other person. More than you.

As the movie finishes and Jordan begins to unravel and lose it all, the director’s message is clear: money doesn’t buy happiness. You can still be a miserable millionaire. But the urge remains. How can the mind be so illogical and rational at the same time?

Should We Put An End To Mortgages?

By 13 Comments

Share This:

Apartment Complex

“The reason they call it the American Dream is because you have to be asleep to believe it.”
–George Carlin

Mortgage loans have been around for centuries. In the late 1700s, colonists used loans to encourage settlement and economic expansion on federal lands. The leaders of the new world parcelled out land, while encouraging lower classes to settle and build. Ironically, these lands were calculated, bought, and sold as if these new owners always laid claim to the land — denying Native Americans the right of ownership, executing them, and pushing them further and further West.

Nonetheless, the colonies and post-Revolutionary War period in America included basic mortgage loans. Eventually, in the 1900s, these loans grew in popularity and necessity. Homes, condos, and bare land was more expensive and unaffordable for the working classes. Increasingly, people needed financial support to invest in real estate — to find shelter.

Thankfully, banks were available to help everyone out. Without financial institutions and their mortgages, it’s unclear what would’ve happened. In today’s economy and real estate market, most people are unable to afford a house without credit. On the surface, it seems that many Americans would be homeless or forced to forever rent — unable to own. We’re forced to choose mortgages without a substantial alternative.

But let’s hypothesize for a moment. What would happen if mortgages suddenly disappeared? What if they weren’t an option for the impoverished, working classes, or even middle classes of America? What if banks were unable to write even one more loan?

For starters, it’s likely the entire real estate market would collapse. The decimation of domestic markets would domino throughout the world, and cause an economic meltdown. People would be unable to eat, shop, or pay for their continued existence. Landowners would quickly benefit from skyrocketing rental prices, but huge swaths of population would be forced to seek shelter elsewhere. The working classes would need to leave en masse from cities.

The end of mortgages would spell destruction and terror for the financial institutions that profit from their existence. Banks — big and small — would go belly up. Insurance companies would cease to exist. And a slew of related industries would (i.e., from appraisers to real estate agencies to utility companies) struggle to continue. The stock market would follow the steep declines elsewhere as the economic engine would slow to a halt. Money would be stuck. Over time, trillions of dollars would disappear — poof! — from the world markets. They wouldn’t return, either.

My, how powerful a few documents can be! Imagine how one contract prevents global catastrophe — end times. Moreover, that this agreement separates people behind walls — street and shelter.

Mortgage loans make little sense, though. The continued propping up of home prices through financial instruments ensures working classes spend the rest of their lives working. Renting isn’t much better either. With little incentive to build affordable housing for working classes, builders have increasingly constructed luxury condos for upper middle classes and beyond. A recent Yahoo Finance article highlights this shift:

“…a growing number of Americans must spend more than 30 percent of their income on rent — a level that the government considers financially burdensome. Over the past decade, that number has jumped from 14.8 million to 21.3 million, or 49 percent of all renters.

“A surge in apartment construction has done little to help address this problem because in many metro areas, a large proportion of new apartments are concentrated at higher-income levels. The median rent on a newly built apartment was $1,372 a month in 2014, about $500 more a month than what about half of renters could afford without being financially burdened.”

This story exemplifies the catch-22 for working classes: either fork over astronomical, burdensome amounts in rent or “purchase” a home through mortgage loans. Either way, banks and other financial institutions are complicit in the bubble. They own your future. Unless you’re independently wealthy, you lose.

Increased access to capital through mortgage loans encourages people to buy bigger homes than need at prices they can’t afford. Homebuilders respond by building bigger homes and charge more for new developments. Families and households buy more to fill bigger homes, as well. The cycle is vicious, expensive, motivated by consumption, and facilitated by an endless supply of cheap money via the Federal Reserve. It’s the antithesis of minimalism, frugality, and simple living, but we have little choice than to participate.

As the story continues, wholesale gentrification of vulnerable communities can occur. Those with poor credit and/or unable to make down or monthly payments must vacate. To refuse the paradigm means leaving good neighborhoods and schools. Home prices are propped and buoyed by the continued investments of the masses. Banks encourage people to spend more than they can afford on spaces larger than they need. And all I can think is, “Who were these mortgages meant to benefit?”

A mortgage is less a contract with your bank, and more a contract with your employer. To take out a 30-year mortgage loan is a financial conscription to work. It’s a benefit to your employer and guarantee for decades. You can’t stop working, as the consequence would be disastrous. Mortgage loans are the perfect economic engine for the wealthiest of our economy. They can make vast sums from borrowers and sit back to watch their money multiply.

Sadly, we’ve accepted these rules. We’ve cozied up to banks and pledged to pay them back for half our remaining lives.We’ve played the game by repeatedly checking FICO scores. We’ve shown them our good credit (when possible) as examples of personal responsibility, when it says nothing of systemic bias, racism, and uncontrolled job loss.

We are left with few choices. I dream of resisting the system and regularly think about living in a van or tiny home, but I’m afraid my partner and family wouldn’t care for this reality.

As a future psychologist, I’ll be lucky to make $65,000 to $75,000 to start out, which would necessitate participation in the mortgage loan game. And this says nothing of the student loan debt that would be necessary to pay off six years of doctoral education.

No house could be purchased outright unless I worked for decades and lived in a passenger van in the meantime. Yet, one of the most fundamental psychological needs is shelter. Without it, we cannot talk about saving money, cooking at home, or living well. People need the safety of shelter, but over the centuries, our homes have ballooned in price and size. Our inflated budgets have been decimated by a simple financial tool that we accept as a necessity for existence.

Nobody seems to bat an eye. Nobody says this is senseless. Nobody resists the status quo. Rent or “buy,” the same trap is set.

So, as preposterous and provocative as it might sound, what if we killed mortgage loans?

Leave The Boom And Bust Cycle Of Life

By 13 Comments

Share This:

Stock Market Photo by Perpetual Tourist - Flickr

Growing up in two market bubbles

I was 10 years old when the stock market entered an epic gurgle and burp. The technology bubble was well underway. As a child, I couldn’t help notice the daily papers’ coverage. Cisco, IBM, and Microsoft were going to stun the world, and a wealth of startups were making groundbreaking achievements through the Internet. Stores were moving online — people could buy stuff from their couches. And the market loved it.

Then it all came crashing down. Without profits and expected cash flow, companies petered out. They couldn’t sustain their losses, and the market was late to the realization. Nonetheless, as soon as people began selling the tech sector, stocks were doomed. The NASDAQ collapsed over a one-year period. While some had benefited from the meteoric rise, many failed. They chased moneyed dreams. The market had become a ponzi scheme of sorts, and the burst annihilated portfolios.

Average Joe’s and Jane’s across the world were affected. Money disappeared from pensions, IRAs, 401ks, and regular old investment accounts. Suddenly, people’s spending reduced — sour from massive losses and concerned about financial futures. People cut back because their ability to save and earn was jeopardized.

Putting the past behind us

Over time, these booms and busts are held in reverence. Ah, remember the market crash of 1999-2000? How about Black Monday? Oh, and how about the Great Recession of 2007 to 2009? Those were the days, right?

We try to put these events behind us and focus on the future. Some may say, “We’re long past those idiotic dreams and bubbles. We know better now.” We treat these as abnormalities — one-off events. The mavens repeat their mantras to calm the masses: “Timing is your friend. The market will recover.” But we never fix the underlying, systemic problems; thus, the cycle continues: boom and bust after boom and bust.

Wallets eventually open again. The economy eventually “bounces back.” In time, market optimism returns because consumer discretionary spending increases. Stocks get bid up again. And while we hope another bubble never returns and convince ourselves that a lesson was learned, something in us remains. We are still humans — the ones who caused the bubble in the first place.

That mentality to save every penny in crises fades like the hangover of a party best forgotten. We get excited again, and invest in financial instruments that some “guru” recommends that make little sense to us. We convince ourselves that we know better than to fall into some scam or trap. Eventually, the price of stocks becomes too expensive to sustain their momentum — for whatever the reason — and the roller coaster plummets.

Boom and bust cycles are everywhere

Even beyond the stock market, various points in history talk about cutting back and saving. For instance, the entire country rationed gasoline, coffee, and other necessities for those in combat during World War II. Our sacrifices would win the war. Our rationing would help others in need. And our country helped us collectively achieve this goal. These were frugal times. But after World War II ended, the country entered one of the largest economic growth spurts of all time. Production was enormous and the largest generation followed: the Baby Boomers.

California Drought Map

More recently, an epic drought has swept over California. Crops are unable to grow and farmers are being asked to cut back on water usage. Without rain and irrigation, this might be one of the worst seasons for the West coast. Every time you look at the map of California it’s bright red for “exceptional drought.” There isn’t another level dryer, unless we’re forced to create it.

This exceptional drought has led to more brush and forest fires. People and their homes have been threatened. The state has fought bravely against these disasters, and many are pitching in to conserve and ration their precious water. Smartphone apps have been created to rat out neighbors who are using more than necessary. Residents are being asked to let their lawns brown. Certain crops and foods (i.e., almonds) are being targeted because of their excessive water needs.

The city of glitz and glamour, Los Angeles, has been a focal point for conservation. Rivers are non-existent and the heat bakes the surface. Many celebrities have extolled the value of cutting back, too. But everyone is wondering whether California will be able to weather this drought. What if the rains never return in full force? What if the land stays perpetually scorched? How long could this exceptional drought really last?

At many points in history we’ve done well rationing, scrimping and saving amidst tragedy. We come together and embrace each other as humans. We work together to move beyond struggle. And we ultimately have overcome every major concern we’ve ever faced. But over time, humanity has a painfully ironic inability to hold back and resist the urge to spend and splurge. We seem to perpetuate feast or famine — unable to live in moderation and within means. If history repeats itself (and it does), then we will likely see California boom again if the rains return. People will resume their previous water usage and restaurants will once again drop off full glasses of water without asking first.

Five ways to weather any storm

From the stock markets to droughts to wars, the booms and busts are everywhere. If we admit that we have a cyclical problem, the question becomes, What can we do about it? The following are five rules to follow a middle path in times of tragedy and prosperity:

1. Create a rationed budget

At the heart of saving more and spending less is a good budget, but what if you lopped off $100, $200, $300, or more each month? What if you pretended that the money was gone? In modelling the potential new budget during a tragedy or bust cycle, you can see the depths of your budget. If all else failed and suddenly made less each month, how would your spending change? How would your savings change? How would you cut back? The essential aspect to this thought experiment is actually going forth with it. Enact the rationed budget and see how low you could go. Pretend that the crisis is here, and save for better times. Then, if a problem occurs, you’ll follow a path of moderation.

2. Spending shouldn’t change based on market optimism

It’s easy to get swept away in the good times. People buy enormous houses, $1 million vehicles, and gigantic yachts when the market is doing well. Success looks like materials, so people buy in. To weather storms, spending cannot cave to market swings. Consistency is key. When others start buying wildly and race to the top, you should be thinking about where you’re spending too much.

3. Saving shouldn’t be limited to tough times

Saving money and concentrating on safe investments should always be a first priority. That priority shouldn’t waver or change amidst good times or bad. Tough times are the hardest time to save, actually. Think about it, if times are tough, you’re clearly strapped for cash. Save in the windfalls, booms, and busts. Again, to find the middle path amidst the excitement and tragedy, you need to calmly continue your savings.

4. Don’t trust market makers and commentators

Turn on CNBC and your brain will instantly accommodate talking heads’ suggestions. Their swanky ties, expensive suits, beautiful sets with technology galore, and impressive lifestyles can be captivating. I’ll be the first to admit that being able to eat at wonderful restaurants, travel the world in a jet, and drive a fast car sounds intriguing. But those market makers and commentators are selling a life that is temporary and not available to everyone. I will never own a jet or drive a Ferrari. Why would their advice and financial “expertise” help me? They live in a different category of human. Try to avoid their messages, as it can help you stay frugal.

5. Find a greater purpose/sacrifice to motivate modest lifestyles

Modest lifestyles can be challenging. It means eating out less, owning less, and looking for ways to invest and save every extra penny you have. But doing any of these things means bucking a system that encourages spending everywhere you go. Walk out the door and you’re bombarded by places to go, see, and spend. It’s easier to listen to these messages. To have a lasting, rationed budget or save more, you must find a higher purpose and reason to dig deep. Saying you get to live modestly through booms and busts isn’t enough. For me, I recognize that climate change is directly affected by my consumption behaviors. That changes my behavior. Additionally, I hold powerful regard for time to be peaceful, calm, and at rest. I value time over money.

We can leave the boom and bust cycle. We can protect ourselves and those around us, too. Create a rationed budget, and live it. Spend less than those around you. Save more than you thought you could. Don’t waiver as others panic or lavish themselves. Lastly, find a higher purpose that’ll motivate you when the going gets tough.

Best Of

Recent Posts

Follow