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Archives for December 2015

A Eulogy For My Grandfather & Financial Role Model

By Frugaling 14 Comments

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Pop and me at Le Pain Quotidien

My grandfather, Pop, passed away on Christmas Eve. Over the last couple years, he had steadily declined. His short-term memory had completely disintegrated. Pop couldn’t remember the last time we had talked, but his intelligence and spirit remained till the end.

I last spoke with him a couple weeks ago. We talked about who he’d be voting for — Bernie Sanders — and how his favorite stocks were performing. After I asked these questions, I silently cried on the phone. I realized he’d likely not make another election cycle. He was all out of votes after 92 years of life.

Pop and I spent most times talking about politics, economics, and relationships. I shared countless moments across from him in his reading nook. He sat on a donut pillow for hemorrhoids; although, he didn’t have them anymore. His mug sat on a hot plate and was covered with a small plate. He savoured and sipped every ounce of tea or coffee. It was here that learning was done.

He was the single largest impact on my economic and social beliefs. I read Marx after he extolled the virtues of communism. I didn’t necessarily agree with it all, but that wasn’t what was important. In discourse, he gave me the tools to debate politely and disagree adamantly. And he opened my eyes to prejudice, social justice, and financial inequities.

At 17, he enlisted in the Army Air Corps (precursor to the Air Force) and flew some 30+ missions over France and Germany. As a Jew, he received maltreatment from those he served and fought. It wasn’t easy service. He shared experiences talking with broken Yiddish (an old, Germanic language) to German prisoners of war. Pop wanted to learn about them. This was a perfect example of his social respect for others — no matter how “bad” they were.

Later in life, he made a friend who worked for a biopharmaceutical company who recommended Biogen Idec. After contemplating the scientific merits of the company and their products, he made an investment. It paid many times over for the last couple decades. Pop wasn’t a financial genius, but he consistently made smart decisions that put his family and future first. It allowed him to retire to a small apartment complex and enjoy the smell of fresh Santa Monica air.

Years and years of conversations with him cemented an emphasis for economic and social justice in me. As a child of the Great Depression, his perspective was forever changed. In current society, Pop didn’t like that vast amounts of wealth were being siphoned from the majority of people. He disliked that politicians weren’t doing enough to protect the average, everyday American. Taxes were a social good — it prevented a select group from pillaging from others in need.

I silently said goodbye to him in summer 2015, when I visited. But he would live a few more months before passing. Frankly, it’s hard to capture him in a list of “10 financial lessons from my grandfather,” but as one of the biggest influences on my life, I couldn’t help but say a few words to honor him.

Pop, thank you for editing my first journalistic endeavors, hugging me so tightly, brilliant financial lessons, giving the best stock-picking advice, tutoring me on Jewish culture and the Yiddish language, always having Manischewitz matzos, providing a near-endless list of dessert options after dinner, sharing the joy of Bangaleri birds, educating me on Freud and Marx, encouraging my academic endeavors when I struggled to see the light, and being proud of me. I knew you meant it, and I’ll miss your excitement on the phone after I’d say, “Hey Pop! It’s Sam.”

You’ve given me a debt of gratitude that I’ll forever try to pay forward.

As we always said, it’s time to say “chachalakas.” I hate that it’s time, but we must.

So, with tear-filled eyes, chachalakas, Pop.

Your grandson and friend, Sam

Filed Under: Save Money Tagged With: communism, Economics, family, financial advice, Jewish, marx, money, politics

The Curious Case Of Rising Interest Rates

By Frugaling 5 Comments

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Watch your savings rate!

On Wednesday, December 16, the Federal Reserve opted to raise interest rates for the first time since 2006. The Fed pointed to healthy economic indicators – specifically, job growth – as the key motivator for action. Chairman Janet Yellen explained that rates would rise from 0 to 0.25 to 0.25 to 0.5 percent. Experts are suggesting this is just the beginning for rate hikes.

I’m not a Federal Reserve expert, fan boy, or aficionado. Nor have I spent years chastising its existence and advocating for a gold standard (I’m looking at you, Ron Paul). But I fundamentally understand the borrowing window. When the Fed keeps rates low, it makes borrowing cheaper. Vice versa, higher rates tend to make borrowing more expensive. Rates can also discourage or encourage greater savings rates.

The Federal Reserve seems to hold the reins on savers. As an advocate for frugality, I wondered how banks had changed their rates since last Wednesday’s decision. CNBC reported that Wells Fargo, JPMorgan Chase, and U.S. Bancorp “almost immediately” changed their “prime rate” (for borrowing). With a higher prime rate, new borrowers would see more expensive car loans, credit card interest, and home mortgages. It should bring new revenue to the banks, too.

A couple days ago I received a notification regarding my American Express credit card. Despite perfect payments, a near-800 credit score, and constant monitoring, my interest rate was being changed. The credit card would now inflict a 22.49% interest rate for carried balances. In other words, if I purchased something and wanted to pay it off over time, I’d be taxed an extra 22.49%. The move corresponded perfectly with the Fed rates, as my interest rate was previously 22.24% (still astounding).

When it comes to credit and borrowing, the changes were swift. Curiously, my savings rate remains unchanged. I still receive 0.10% and 1.00% for my Ally checking and savings accounts, respectively. These sit stagnant. While I understand that banks have an interest in protecting and securing greater profits through higher borrowing rates, I’m struggling to see the same “immediate” benefits for savers. Where is this additional quarter-point interest rate to encourage more savings?

It seems banks play the best of both worlds. When rates lower, they advertise and sell huge amounts of loans. Suddenly, the economy becomes bloated with cheap money and people spend instead of saving. And then higher rates create reason and rationale for banks to raise loan rates, with little care for updating savings rates.

Unfortunately, as banks keep rates low, the average saver suffers. Many low income and vulnerable populations rely on strong savings rates, but haven’t received them for years. Heck, I remember a time when my savings account paid 2-3% interest. Those days seem to be long gone — even with higher rates on the horizon. Today, savings rates can’t even keep up with modest inflation. Maddeningly, putting more in savings simply means you’re losing money each month!

As we consider this double standard in the banking world, let’s consider what we can do and where there’s money to be made:

1. Stay on the capital side

There’s power in capital. Whether you’re lending cash through peer-to-peer lending programs or investing in rental properties, those who put their money to work are handsomely rewarded. The game doesn’t shift much when interest rates change moderately. However, if you don’t have much savings, it’s important to build a little egg before engaging in these tactics.

2. Invest your spare cash

If you’re unable to buy real estate or invest larger amounts in lending, make a simple portfolio to invest your spare cash. There are various platforms that can automatically invest spare change, but nothing is easier or cheaper than opening a Vanguard account and choosing their exchange traded funds (ETFs). I’d recommend Vanguard Total Stock Market ETF (VTI) and Total Bond Market ETF (BND). Together, they afford rapid exposure to the markets with reduced risk due to diversity. Depending on your risk allowance or aversion, portfolios can be split 50/50, 60/40, 80/20, or even 90/10 between the VTI and BND. You’ll likely get a fantastic expected return no matter what you decide — in comparison to savings rates.

3. Advocate for higher savings rates

Unfortunately, the default — savings accounts — are too miniscule to help people who need it most. Despite the Fed’s decisions to raise interest rates, it seems that many interest bearing cash accounts aren’t receiving the benefits. As banks continue to hit record profits, there seems to be some wiggle room for better interest rates. Advocacy isn’t often talked about in personal finance, but speaking out and up is one of the most effective ways to change situations. Write your representatives in Congress and tell them you are waiting for banks to reward savings. Tell your bank that you’re looking for alternative locations for your money, and maybe even leave for a credit union (as they tend to pay better rates).

Filed Under: Loans, Save Money Tagged With: American Express, Banks, credit, Federal Reserve, Interest Rates, invest, lending, loans, savings

Public-Private Partnerships Pillage Graduate Students’ Fixed-Income Stipends

By Frugaling 2 Comments

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dailyiowan

Graduate students are a vulnerable population

This has been the craziest two weeks of graduate school and it all started with a blog post I wrote on Sunday, November 29. It was entitled, “How Leases Trap College Students.” Therein, I talked about my graduate student housing on the University of Iowa campus. When I first arrived, it was $435. But then, a private company, Balfour Beatty, came in and demolished the subsidized housing. They built a lavish, $31 million complex.

Since then, the prices have skyrocketed about 130% since the university – a public institution – sold off the rights to build and manage a property to a private company, Balfour Beatty. Next year’s 1-bedroom leases are now going for $999. You can get better prices in New York City. The company has published all sorts of reasons and information for the prices and increases, but they never talk about the big difference: profit motive. Now, graduate students cannot afford graduate student housing.

How do graduate students contribute on campus?

Graduate students often teach, research, and assist universities. For example, I teach two undergraduate courses, conduct research, provide technical assistance, and work on special projects with faculty in my college. These efforts – for 20 hours per week – allow me to receive a tuition scholarship and stipend. After taxes, that stipend equals about $18,720.

Despite the need for graduate students and an economic engine for doctoral graduates, housing them doesn’t tend to be a moneymaker. With only $18,720 per year, they’re limited as to where they can live without taking federal aid (student loans). Most schools have used affordable graduate housing as a benefit for incoming students. Like any incentive package at work, low-cost housing attracts the talented, financially sensible, and respects the dignity of those who contribute to the milieu.

How much money can you make from grad students?

While the University of Iowa certainly has a drive for income, profiting off of graduate students isn’t the purpose. When they managed their own properties, they made enough to maintain the property. With this private company on campus, the paradigm has shifted. The profit motive was back with a vengeance.

This move towards privatization on college campuses is little highlighted or understood. Frankly, I don’t know anyone who’s talking about it – or knows about it. But the reality is that more and more public institutions are deciding to parcel out their public resources – taxpayer funded – to an elite group of market barons.

Today, I wanted to take an opportunity to break down this problem and explain how students are financially affected by privatization using Balfour Beatty. Over the next decades, if universities continue to embrace privatization, students will be holding record levels of debt. For graduate students, it all starts with their rent/housing.

Lease public resources, make it someone else’s problem profit

Unfortunately for universities, graduate student housing isn’t a moneymaker. They are hard to maintain, keep risk on the table, and place debt liability in the hands of administrators. On campuses nationwide, universities are beginning to “lease” their land to private companies, as they cannot sell public resources. These leases can be signed for decades and lead to magnificent profits for companies involved.

When a private company comes in to build new residences, building, etc. on public universities, the two organizations are signing what’s called a public-private partnership. I’m getting sort of wonky today, so bear with me. A public-private partnership is when a “private party provides a public service or project and assumes substantial financial, technical and operational risk in the project.”

Effectively, public universities who embrace this model are offsetting their risk onto a private partner. They can suddenly fire handfuls of expensive employees who provide public services. These employees ordinarily require pensions and other retirement benefits, quality healthcare, and reasonable paychecks. The replacement is simple: smaller staffs, fewer benefits, and pay cuts. It’s all for one goal: maximize profits for a select few and pillage the fixed-income graduate students.

Administrators love public-private partnerships!

Many administrators say that graduate student housing isn’t a core mission, but undergraduate housing is a core mission because universities make boatloads of profits off undergrads. Here’s a University of Iowa administrator excitedly explaining how university-managed residence halls make sense (but not graduate student housing?):

“Stange said the Petersen Residence Hall, a $53 million, 10-story building under construction and scheduled to open in time for the fall 2015 semester, will house about 500 first- and second-year undergraduates.” (source)

Despite 90% occupancy rates and a population in need (many of which were people of color, international students, young families, and people with disabilities) in old, university-controlled graduate student housing, administrators decide to spin the story:

“Hawkeye Court is at the end of its useful life,” Stange said. “They were well-maintained as best as they could. They just were not meeting needs of our current population.” (source)

Worsening the problem is the added classism and gentrification risk to these privately constructed and managed apartments. Poor people need not apply:

These buildings are intended to create “an exclusive community designed to meet the lifestyle needs of today’s student.” (source)

Calling attention to the pillaging of graduate students

For a 1-bedroom at the “exclusive” Aspire at West Campus at the University of Iowa — remember, intended for graduate students — you’ll spend $1,000 per month. Over the course of a 5-year Ph.D. (some take longer), you’d be spending around $60,000 on rent along — if prices stayed consistent. Again, that’s a generously low total.

With my graduate student stipend of $18,720 per year, I’d be spending 64% of my income on rent alone. That’s why I’ve decided to move out for the coming year. But the gentrification and heartbreak to those looking for affordable housing has been finished. The University of Iowa signed a bad deal with no deal to renegotiate. Heck, administrators didn’t even know how much the private company would charge for rent!

Now, graduate students are stuck with bill or forced to get out. That’s just not right. The university messed up.

Spreading alarm and stirring up media attention

Four days ago, when a group of us affected students began emailing and contacting administrators to tell them they have a major problem on their hands, they told us to go away. They told us it wasn’t the university’s problem; in fact, we needed to bring our concerns to the private company, Balfour Beatty. Here’s what one administrator said:

“I can sit down with [the students], but the strongest voice will come from the people who will or won’t rent from [Balfour Beatty] based on rates.”

What that administrator seems to be implying is that he would sit down with us, but we might as well talk to the company. Picture that: a bunch of students marching into a multinational company trying to negotiate. That’s ridiculous.

Well, we weren’t particularly happy with that answer. So, we kept writing statements to politicians, lawyers, administrators, the president’s office, media outlets. In three days, we had three front page stories in three separate newspapers.

IMG_1323

IMG_1330

Suddenly, the University of Iowa administration had a PR disaster on their hands. And magically, that tone of changed among admin/staff at the highest echelons of the university. Now, the president wanted to meet with us because he cared about this issue. My how they reversed their tone rapidly!

But taking it from PR nightmare to significant change is a different story. While the administration debates their next actions, this story has massive implications.

When prices skyrocket, that means students with disabilities must bear the costs. When young families with children feel the cost, they must move further from campus. When international students trust the university’s marketing of this on-campus housing, they find an awful price and unmanageable lease.

Balfour Beatty has a reputation for profit over people

The company’s buildings have gone viral — trumpeting their privately constructed and managed properties across the country. Just look at where they’ve gone beyond Iowa:

  • University of Houston-Victoria
  • University of Nevada-Reno
  • Georgia State
  • Temple University
  • George Mason University
  • Texas A&M
  • UNC-Charlotte
  • University of Sussex
  • Tarleton State University
  • San Diego State University
  • Florida Atlantic University
  • Winston-Salem State University
  • Appalachian State University
  • University of South Florida-Tampa
  • Cornish College of the Arts
  • University of California Riverside
  • George Mason University
  • University of Texas-Dallas

Every place they go, an area is gentrified, low-income students are forced out and a community is transformed. When the profit motive takes over non-profit campuses, the results can be harrowing. In fact, students at the University of Nevada, Reno tried to rebel against Balfour Beatty once before, but the company wasn’t willing to renegotiate. The solutions are murky once a contract is signed, too. Only one thing can be done: universities must resist the drive to privatize public resources and everyone should know that market barons like Balfour Beatty don’t represent students’ interests — they represent their own.

Now, hundreds are awaiting the University of Iowa to respond. Thousands are affected. And tens of thousands are seeing the consequences of short-term economic gains that have long-term effects on students.

University of Iowa, we are waiting for your answer. We will be civil, but never silent.

Filed Under: Social Justice Tagged With: graduate students, Income, iowa, media, money, newspapers, Profit, public resources, public-private partnership, Salary, stipends, university, university of iowa

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